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Pulmonary hypertension - Heath-Edwards grading system

GradeMicroscopic Features
Potenially Reversable
IHypertrophy of the media of muscular pulmonary arteries. Extension of muscle into the wall of pulmonary arterioles.
IIMuscle hypertrophy plus proliferation of intimal cells in arterioles and small muscular arteries.
III"Muscle hypertrophy plus subendothelial fibrosis. Eventually, concentric masses of fibrous tissue and reduplicated internal elastic lamina occlude the vascular lumen of arterioles and small muscular arteries. Large elastic arteries show atherosclerosis."
Usually Irreversible
IV"Muscle hypertrophy is less apparent; progressive dilatation of small arteries, especially those near vessels with intimal fibrous occlusion. Plexiform lesions occur."
VPlexiform and angiomatoid lesions plus intra-alveolar hemosiderin-filled macrophages.
VINecrotizing arteritis with thrombosis. Fibrinoid necrosis of the arterial wall wih a transmural infiltrate of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and eosinophils.

PULMONARY HYPERTENSION - HEATH-EDWARDS GRADING SYSTEM - Self-explanatory.

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